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Archipelago

    Arafura SeaIndonesia, Timor-Leste and Malaysia

    2°00′S 118°00′E

    Indonesia

    Part of Malay Archipelago

    Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian and Pacific oceans.

    Desa Potato Head
    Desa Potato Head

    Desapotatohead / CC BY-SA 4.0

    Chart

    15193 landforms

    Overview

    Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian and Pacific oceans. Comprising between 13,000 and 17,000 islands—including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea—it is the world's largest archipelagic state and the 14th-largest country by area. Indonesia has extensive tropical forests and marine ecosystems that support some of the world's highest levels of biodiversity. The Indonesian archipelago has been inhabited since prehistoric times, with early human presence evidenced by fossils of Homo erectus and Homo sapiens, and megalithic sites. It became connected to regional and international maritime trade networks by the first millennium BCE. Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms developed by early centuries CE, followed by the spread of Islam and the growth of Islamic states from the late medieval period. European powers later competed to monopolise trade in the Spice Islands of Maluku during the Age of Discovery. Dutch commercial and colonial control expanded from the 17th century and was consolidated over most of the archipelago during the 19th and early 20th centuries, before Indonesia proclaimed its independence in the aftermath of World War II. Since independence, Indonesia has experienced separatist conflicts, corruption, political upheaval and natural disasters, alongside democratisation and rapid economic growth. The country today is a presidential republic with an elected legislature and consists of 38 provinces, some of which enjoy greater autonomy than others. Home to over 290 million people, Indonesia ranks fourth in the world by population and has the largest Muslim population of any country. More than half of Indonesians live on Java, the most heavily populated island in the world, while the capital Jakarta is the world's most populous city. Indonesia has hundreds of ethnic groups and more than 700 languages, as well as diverse regional cultures. This diversity is reflected in the national motto, Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, meaning "unity in diversity". Indonesian, a standardised variety of Malay, is the official and national language and its lingua franca. Indonesia has the largest economy in Southeast Asia, with services and industry accounting for most output and economic activity concentrated on Java. Sea and air transport are the primary means of connecting the country's many islands. Indonesia is a middle power active in regional and global affairs and is a member of the United Nations, G20, the Non-Aligned Movement, ASEAN, and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation.

    From Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0

    Census, cataloged

    • Major islands4
    • Minor islands3,844
    • Islets8,105
    • Rocks & skerries3,240

    Major islands

    4
    • Borneo

      Borneo

      Area
      732,069 km²
      High point
      4,095 m

      Borneo is the third-largest island in the world, with an area of 748,168 km2 (288,869 sq mi), and population of 23,053,723 (2020 national censuses). Situated at the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia, it is one of the Greater Sunda Islands, located north of Java, west of Sulawesi, and east of Sumatra.

    • Sumatra

      Sumatra

      Area
      429,717 km²
      High point
      3,805 m

      Sumatra is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. 2), including adjacent islands and archipelagos. The island is divided into ten Indonesian provinces. The most populous city is Medan.

    • Sulawesi

      Sulawesi

      Area
      168,788 km²
      High point
      3,478 m

      Sulawesi ( SOO-lə-WAY-see, Indonesian: [ˌsulaˈwesi]; Lontara: ᨔᨘᨒᨓᨙᨔᨗ romanized: Sulawési), also known as Celebes, is an island in Indonesia.

    • Java

      Java

      Area
      126,804 km²
      High point
      3,676 m

      Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in the South East Asian country of Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea (a part of the Pacific Ocean) to the north. 2 million people; about 56% of the Indonesian population, while constituting only 7% of the country's land area.

    Minor islands

    196

    Rocks & skerries

    3240

    On the chart above, at its closest zooms.

    Listing 200 of 15193; the rest are on the chart.

    Figures

    Comparative heights

    Sea level2,000 m4,000 m6,000 m4,095 mBorneo3,805 mSumatra3,726 mLombok3,676 mJava3,478 mSulawesi3,031 mBali3,027 mSeram2,963 mTimor2,700 mBuru2,690 mSumbawa2,367 mFlores2,111 mBacan1,949 mSanghyang1,827 mSiau
    High points by island, metres above sea level.

    Islands by area

    101001,00010,000100,0001,000,000Borneo: 732,069 km²BorneoSumatra: 429,717 km²SumatraSulawesi: 168,788 km²SulawesiJava: 126,804 km²JavaTimor: 28,560 km²TimorHalmahera: 17,956 km²HalmaheraSeram: 17,368 km²SeramSumbawa: 14,406 km²SumbawaFlores: 13,993 km²FloresPulau Dolok: 11,646 km²Pulau DolokBangka: 11,548 km²BangkaSumba: 10,902 km²SumbaBuru: 8,514 km²BuruBali: 5,370 km²BaliBelitung: 4,611 km²BelitungLombok: 4,535 km²LombokMadura: 4,472 km²MaduraButon: 4,389 km²ButonNias: 4,113 km²NiasSiberut: 3,808 km²SiberutYamdena: 3,255 km²YamdenaWaigeo: 2,996 km²WaigeoMuna: 2,926 km²MunaTaliabu: 2,916 km²TaliabuWetar: 2,611 km²WetarObimayor: 2,461 km²ObimayorTerangan: 2,398 km²TeranganPeling: 2,319 km²PelingMorotai: 2,269 km²MorotaiYapen: 2,260 km²YapenAlor: 2,114 km²AlorLaut: 2,088 km²LautMisool: 2,067 km²MisoolBiak: 1,895 km²BiakKobroor: 1,806 km²KobroorBacan: 1,787 km²BacanSimeulue: 1,733 km²SimeulueSalawati: 1,655 km²SalawatiBunguran: 1,627 km²BunguranWokam: 1,607 km²Wokam
    km², log scale
    Borneo732,069 km²
    Sumatra429,717 km²
    Sulawesi168,788 km²
    Java126,804 km²
    Timor28,560 km²
    Halmahera17,956 km²
    Seram Island17,368 km²
    Sumbawa14,406 km²
    Flores13,993 km²
    Pulau Dolok11,646 km²
    Bangka Island11,548 km²
    Sumba10,902 km²
    Buru8,514 km²
    Bali5,370 km²
    Belitung4,611 km²
    Lombok4,535 km²
    Madura4,472 km²
    Buton4,389 km²
    Nias4,113 km²
    Siberut3,808 km²
    Yamdena3,255 km²
    Waigeo2,996 km²
    Muna Island2,926 km²
    Taliabu Island2,916 km²
    Wetar2,611 km²
    Obimayor Island2,461 km²
    Terangan Island2,398 km²
    Peling Island2,319 km²
    Morotai2,269 km²
    Yapen2,260 km²
    Alor Island2,114 km²
    Laut Island2,088 km²
    Misool2,067 km²
    Biak1,895 km²
    Kobroor1,806 km²
    Bacan1,787 km²
    Simeulue1,733 km²
    Salawati1,655 km²
    Bunguran Island1,627 km²
    Wokam Island1,607 km²
    Rupat1,498 km²
    Tebing Tinggi Island1,362 km²
    Lembata1,248 km²
    Rote Island1,206 km²
    Mangoli Island1,204 km²
    Bintan Island1,169 km²
    Padang Island1,106 km²
    Maya Island1,004 km²
    Bengkalis Island907 km²
    Rangsang883 km²
    Lingga Island858 km²
    Pagai Selatan Island857 km²
    Kabaena854 km²
    Karakelang800 km²
    Singkep779 km²
    Ambon Island772 km²
    Pantar730 km²
    Wawonii Island690 km²
    Pulau Komoran679 km²
    Selayar Island648 km²
    Babar Island623 km²
    Supiori Island612 km²
    Pagai Utara Island600 km²
    Sipora594 km²
    Sangihe Island550 km²
    Nuhu Yuthu Island544 km²
    Sulabesi Island531 km²
    Adonara506 km²
    Batanta447 km²
    Tanabala Island446 km²
    Kasiruta438 km²
    Sebatik Island436 km²
    Bruit Island436 km²
    Batam Island425 km²
    Sawu421 km²
    Kei Kecil Island410 km²
    Kangean Island402 km²
    Pulau Koba400 km²
    Maikoor398 km²
    Enggano Island395 km²
    Moa360 km²
    Selaru347 km²
    Numfor341 km²
    Tanahmasa Island332 km²
    Moyo Island330 km²
    Unnamed island324 km²
    Pini Island320 km²
    Komodo318 km²
    Kundur Island313 km²
    Mendol Island308 km²
    Komfane307 km²
    Pulau Kola287 km²
    Banggai Island267 km²
    Tarakan Island251 km²
    Pulau Batudaka245 km²
    Pulau Nunukan236 km²
    Unnamed island225 km²
    Semau Island220 km²
    Solor217 km²
    Pulau Sebuku215 km²
    Merbau Island215 km²
    Larat214 km²
    Pulau Lepar213 km²
    Mandioli Island207 km²
    Jemaja Island207 km²
    Unnamed island205 km²
    Rinca205 km²
    Tuangku201 km²
    Bawean198 km²
    Nusapenida Island196 km²
    Damar Island192 km²
    Unnamed island190 km²
    Gam Island181 km²
    Karimata Island180 km²
    Pulau Laag176 km²
    Romang174 km²
    Haruku Island174 km²
    Bisa Island171 km²
    Pulau Workai163 km²
    Alang Gantang River160 km²
    Saparua159 km²
    Pulau Tanahjampea158 km²
    Pulau Wuliaru157 km²
    Pulau Wangiwangi156 km²
    Rempang Island156 km²
    Togean Island155 km²
    Pulau Adi155 km²
    Sanghyang Island154 km²
    Pulau Kofiau146 km²
    Unnamed island142 km²
    Kelang141 km²
    Atauro140 km²
    Pulau Gebe139 km²
    Penambulai137 km²
    Sebangka Island136 km²
    Unnamed island129 km²
    Pulau Subi Besar128 km²
    Buano Island126 km²
    Sapudi Island126 km²
    Karimun Island125 km²
    Panaitan Island122 km²
    Nusakambangan Island121 km²
    Weh Island121 km²
    Mendanau Island118 km²
    Tidore Island118 km²
    Siau Island114 km²
    Bunyu113 km²
    Manipa112 km²
    Lakor Island111 km²
    Pulau Kalao110 km²
    Bangkurung island109 km²
    Pulau Mioswaar109 km²
    Sermata Island108 km²
    Pulau Baun108 km²
    Bulan Island107 km²
    Siantan Island104 km²
    Ternate island102 km²
    Pulau Rumberpon101 km²
    Binongko Island98.5 km²
    Pulau Seira95.8 km²
    Dullah Island93.6 km²
    Unnamed island93.6 km²
    Unnamed island93.4 km²
    Pulau Kabaruan92.5 km²
    Unnamed island92 km²
    Pulau Sugi91.2 km²
    Pulau Selu91.1 km²
    Letti Island90.3 km²
    Yerui Island88.5 km²
    Salibabu Island86.1 km²
    Bokan Besar Island85.7 km²
    Unnamed island85.6 km²
    Unnamed island85.4 km²
    Galang Island85.2 km²
    Makian Island83.9 km²
    Berkey Island82.5 km²
    Pulau Amutu Besar81.7 km²
    Pulau Talatakoh81.3 km²
    Pulau Matak81.2 km²
    Kisar80.5 km²
    Pulau Menui80.3 km²
    Nusabarong Island78.9 km²
    Pulau Kalaotoa78 km²
    Unauna Island78 km²
    Unnamed island77.8 km²
    Unnamed island77.7 km²
    Unnamed island77.7 km²
    Pulau Walea Besar77.5 km²
    Pulau Kijang77.2 km²
    Unnamed island76.9 km²
    Unnamed island76.5 km²
    Mursala Island75.2 km²
    Pulau Molu74.9 km²
    Unnamed island74.5 km²
    Unnamed island74 km²
    Unnamed island72.9 km²
    Big Bakung Island70.5 km²
    Ambalau Island70.1 km²
    Pulau Aiduma69.4 km²
    Labobo island68.1 km²

    Groups within

    110

    Overlapping groups

    Sources

    Facts

    • Geometry, areas and high points: OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL), Copernicus GLO-30, via Talus.
    • Wikidata
    • Wikipedia

    Photographs