Balearic Islands

The Balearic Islands are an archipelago in the western Mediterranean Sea, off the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula, constituting an autonomous community and province of Spain, with Palma as their capital and largest city. With a population of 1,249,844, they are the 6th least populous autonomous community of Spain, and with an area of 4,991.70 square kilometres (1,927.31 sq mi), the smallest. Historically part of the Kingdom of Majorca, the archipelago was established as a Spanish province and historic region in the 19th century and achieved self-government under its Statute of Autonomy in 1983. In the 2007 statute reform, the autonomous community of the Balearic Islands was defined as a "nationality" of Spain. The co-official languages are Catalan and Spanish. The archipelago is divided into two main groups: the western Pityusic Islands (comprising Ibiza, Formentera, and smaller surrounding islets) and the eastern Gymnesian Islands (principally Mallorca and Menorca). Notable minor islands include Cabrera, Dragonera, and S'Espalmador. The Balearic Islands form the second most populous and second-largest archipelago in Spain, after the Canary Islands. The region experiences a Mediterranean climate, and the four principal islands are major international tourist destinations. Ibiza has developed a prominent electronic music and nightlife industry, attracting internationally touring DJs to its nightclubs.

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